Interfacial tension refers to the force acting at the interface between two immiscible phases, such as liquid-liquid or liquid-gas interfaces. It is a property that quantifies the energy required to increase the surface area of the interface between two phases. Interfacial tension plays a significant role in various natural and industrial processes, such as emulsion formation, adhesion, wetting, and detergency. Understanding and controlling interfacial tension is crucial in many fields, including colloid and interface science, material science, and chemical engineering. Researchers in this area study the factors that influence interfacial tension, such as molecular structure, temperature, and concentration of surfactants. They also develop methods to measure and manipulate interfacial tension, which can lead to the design of new materials and processes with improved properties and performance.